Essay on Poverty and Child Development - 1589 Words

From the very second I was born, until this very day, I had understood life to be a certain way. Life had taken its course and my family, as well as myself, have suffered ups and downs. We’ve been through times which were good and which were the worst of the worst – all families do. What I didn’t know is that regardless of the good and the bad, that the life I lived was sheltered to the point where I couldn’t fathom the idea that all people had not lived a life similar to ours. Sure, I understand that some were more fortunate and some were less fortunate, but to which extent? Within my circle of influence, our friends and family, there was a certain level at which we enjoyed our lives in a comfortable sense. We’d occasionally see a†¦show more content†¦It is very true that although some families are born into poverty, other have fallen into this classification due to various circumstances they endured during the course of life’s twis ts and turns. According to a conservative remark by Thomas J. Surgrue as noted in â€Å"American Families† by Stephanie Coontz, â€Å"the wages of two underemployed workers barely pull families above the poverty line† (Surgrue, p. 245 Coontz). With this in mind, it makes us wonder if there is any hope to rely on for those who live in this area, whether it’s two underemployed parents or just a single mother or father. There is barely a difference between those who are suffering because they are unemployed and so it seems that’s it even worse for those who are working two dead end jobs and still not breaching the poverty line. Jonathan Kozol speaks of a local high school in the South Bronx when he says that â€Å"Morris High School is, after all, one of the most beleaguered, segregated, and decrepit secondary schools in United states†(Kozol). I understand the argument that they are uneducated and do not have a great ability to apply for numerous jobs , but what I don’t understand is if they even find a minimum wage job, they are better off that where they are currently. In addition, there are numerous programs which allowShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Poverty On Child Development1724 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty causes most stress within households and has an impact on the healthy development of a child. If a family struggles financially they may not have money for food to be put on the table and the child will be hungry, which has a knock of effect to a child’s learning. A child will struggle to focus and learn if they are hungry as food is needed in order for the brain to function well. A child’s physical development is likely to be affected as they will not grow and thrive at the appropriateRead MorePoverty and Child Development Essay2193 Words   |  9 PagesPoverty is defined in many ways. The dictionary definition simply does not suffice to show the human cost of poverty. Poverty is much more than the limited capital resources that this definition suggests. Poverty is defined by the federal government as 16,660 for a family of four in 1998 (Child Poverty in the United States 2000). These figures are tremendously flawed; a single individual residing in the United States would not fare well by the standards of most individuals at this income levelRead MoreThe Effects of Child Poverty on Their Cognitive and Social Development1706 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Poverty on Children’s Cognitive and Social Development PSYC318 Sheehan Gilbert-Burne 6136739 Word Count: 1650 Question 2: Discuss the effects of poverty on children’s cognitive and social development and the extent to which effects might extend into adulthood Poverty is a global issue that has been at the forefront of economic debate for over a century. Left wing politicians and anti-poverty organisations around the world still adamantly fight for aRead MorePoverty Affects Child Development And They Experience More Social Problems Essay1370 Words   |  6 Pagesurban areas is poverty. Children who live in poverty are impacted with many negative effects physically or mentally. Some of these issues related to poverty are substandard housing, inadequate nutrition and food insecurity, inadequate child care, lack of access to health care, unsafe neighborhoods, and under resourced schools. Studies show that â€Å"poverty affects child development and they experience more social problems† (Curley). According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, â€Å"nearly one-thirdRead MoreState of America’s Children: Child Poverty Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ State of America’s Children: Child Poverty Argosy University Online November 20, 2013 Abstract America is one of the riches countries in the world it is home to approximately 406 billionaires and many millionaires, babies are being born into poverty about every 32 seconds everyday (Children’s Defense Fund, 2010). The Children’s Defense Fund (CDF) reports one is every five children are born in to poverty and children constitute for the poorest age group in America (Children’sRead MoreEffects Of Poverty On Children1553 Words   |  7 PagesHow Poverty Effects Children Makayla Ray University of Alabama in Birmingham Abstract This literature review of twelve previously published research articles has focused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educationalRead MoreNeighborhood Poverty, Social Capital, and the Cognitive Development of African American Preschoolers1482 Words   |  6 PagesChildren in families with lower incomes at or below the poverty line have been connected with poor cognitive and social development in early childhood. The studies that I chose to use evaluate the cognitive and social development during early childhood using various surveys, evaluations, and observations completed by or with the children, parents, and teachers. Development of any kind is dependent on the interplay of nature and nurture, or genetics and environment. These studies draw from a child’sRead MoreEffects of Poverty on Children: Literature Review Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesfocused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educational outcomes, health, and parenting effects, and how they were impacted by children living in poverty. Impact on Development The developmental theme included reviews of fourRead MoreImpact Of Environment And Poverty On Children s Educational Development1321 Words   |  6 Pagesextent environment and poverty is a significant factor in children’s educational development and attainment. This will be done by evaluating the effects that family, environment and poverty have on the way a child develops. This essay aims to focus on the degree these themes influence educational development. Whilst focusing on the impact during different stages of a child’s primary education, I will look at how these themes influence the child and why they are important. Poverty is a major issue thatRead MoreEffects Of Poverty On Children1554 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Poverty on Children Makayla Ray University of Alabama in Birmingham Abstract This literature review of twelve previously published research articles has focused on summarizing some of the effects of poverty on children. The selected articles all focused on the major effect of poverty on children, and were sorted into four sub-categories or themes based upon a specific focus areas of this complex and not yet fully understood issue. These themes included developmental, educational

Healthcare Systems And Economy From A Small Community...

Healthcare has evolved over the last few centuries from a small community based healthcare system and economy to a multi-billion dollar industry that drives how Americans live their lives. Through healthcare, Americans are able to live now into their eighties and nineties. With medical advances, chronic conditions, such as congestive heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, that at one time were debilitating and led to palliative care, are now conditions that can be managed with one to two medications. More importantly, with the knowledge America is now mindful of, these conditions can be prevented. Through decades and decades of medicine, America has become tremendously conscientious of health. As healthcare has evolved within the United States, billions of dollars and countless days have been put in by our forefathers to allow healthcare to be a right to the American population. Looking at other countries, their citizens do not have to pay for quality healthcare . It is given to them, as a right. In May, our country and president were scorned by the Cuban president, Raul Castro, for not allowing free education and healthcare for all sexes and ethnicities (Cubans tell Obama: healthcare is a human right, 2016). The question that strikes thought for Americans is how can other countries, such as Cuba, provide free healthcare to their citizens? Our country needs to focus on other countries’ healthcare system framework and develop their own. CitizensShow MoreRelatedEvolution of Health Care999 Words   |  4 PagesEvolution of Health Care Information Systems Nancy Glaz HCS/533 February, 4, 2013 Sean Kern Evolution of Health Care Information Systems The introduction of Health Information Systems (HIS) to the health care industry has changed the delivery and reimbursement services in the United States (US). The history of information systems (IS) has enhanced communication between patients, providers, and insurance providers. Prior to the information age, health care use a paper method to maintainRead MoreHealthcare Between Canada And The United States1240 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will compare the healthcare service and healthcare status between Canada and the United States. Canada and the United States have a totally different healthcare system. Many people argued that the United States healthcare system needs some upgrading, while, some people admire Canada’s healthcare system due to the fact that Canada’s healthcare does more for less. Research has shown that Canada spends less of its’ GDP on it’s healthcare yet performs better than the United States. CanadaRead MoreChina s Cooperative Medical System1722 Words   |  7 Pagescountry, maintaining an affordable healthcare system that is available to all of its citizens is crucial for its eventual success. Countless different countries have struggled to devise a way to provide health insurance to their citizens, and China is no exception. Ever since the collapse of China’s Cooperative Medical System in the 1980’s, rural citizens have struggled immensely to obtain affordable healthcare. This paper intends to examine Chinese healthcare reform from 2000 to 2005, mainly focusingRead MoreThe Government Structure Of Singapore Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagesto its small size and urban environment. It boasts a diverse culture and infrastructure that should not be overlooked. Some of the key variables to familiarize yourself with when analyzing this country are the government structure, military structure, economy, and the role of the physical environment. Learning what eth nicities, languages, religions, and social norms are present will aid in your integration into this country. 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In order to manage healthcare costs inRead MoreUniversal Healthcare: The Pros and Cons1293 Words   |  6 Pages Universal Healthcare: The Pros and Cons On March 23, 2010 the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed by President Obama, raising the question for many of whether this new law was going to be more helpful or hurtful. With universal healthcare, healthcare coverage would be increased tremendously, costs would be reduced, jobs would be created, and consumers would be protected. Conversely, it will also raise taxes and wait times, lead to a smaller number of doctors, and infringe onRead MoreA Brief Note On Healthcare And The Economy1741 Words   |  7 PagesHealthcare and the economy are in the midst of historic realignments. Community Health Nurses need to innovate and evolve if the community clinics are going to continue to serve our patients and remain an economic engine for the region. Doctors’ offices have seen a revolution in the past quarter century. Outpatient visits have grown by two hundred percent. The center of the community is shifting away from the hospital. Outpatient care has replaced ho spital care, and outpatient care is being replaced

Management of Change in policy - free sample -MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. Brieflyexplain the link between each definition and its underlying theoretical perspective. 2. Using an organization that you are familiar with and explane Briefly introduce the organisation. Identify and describe a change that is happening, or has previously happened, within it. Go on to explain how your definitions (from Question 1 above) related to the change occurring in this organisation. 3. Draw up a SWOT analysis,as a table,to assess what has caused the need for the organisational change which you identified in question 2 above,explain, discuss and integrate your analysis, including a conclusion that summarise the current state of the business and connects this to why the change was (or is being) implemented. Then, in your own words, identify and critically evaluate the benefitsanddrawbacks of using business SWOT analyses in general to determine the need for organisations to change. 4) Using the subject materials (overview, textbook, required readings, online material), as well as your wider reading,identify, explain and critically assessthe key conceptualisations of role of the change agent,and thenapply this analysis to the change in organisation described above. (c.750 words). 5) Using the subject materials (topic overview, textbook, relevant required readings) as well as your wider reading,define and critically discussboth problem-centric and dialogic approaches to change. Answers: Question 1 There are many theories that have come up in all these years to implement the theoretical concept of change. In most of the organizations it is seen that by changing the policy of work, the standard of the organization has improved. The ontology of change is brought about by the ways in which the change has been implied in the organization. To implement changes in the organization, it is essential that the employees of the organization gladly accept the changes. It is an important point that the managers should take into consideration while implementing changes in the organization. Organizational change means the modification, transformation or amendment in the structure, processes and goods of the organization. It is the change that has an impact on the operational activities as well as the staff. The change can be imposed directly on the organization, structure of the operational activities, workforce, working hours, the way the roles are carried out and the role that is resulting in a change. The ontology associated with change management refers to the ability of the managers to recognize the organizational policies which tended to be a hurdle in the success of the organization. It is said that the changes implemented in the organization is consistent throughout depending on the adaptation by the employees.. Internal and external forces implement changes in an organization. The external forces include technological change, globalization, social and political changes and workforce diversity(Hayes J. , 2014). Whereas, the internal forces include employee expec tation, crisis, deficiencies in existing system, changes in work climate, declining effectiveness and changes in managerial personnel. The three kinds of change in a workplace are unfreezing, change and refreezing. Unfreezing refers to reducing forces for status quo; change refers to developing new attitudes, behavior and values; refreezing refers to reinforcing new values, behavior and attitudes(Cameron Green, 2015). The management of organizational change is the framework managing the effect of new and innovative business processes, changes in the organizational structure or cultural changes in the organization. This is beneficial when there is necessity for the whole organization to adapt o new skills and behavior. Lewins change management model or McKinseys 7-S model are the two theories which are considered important for effective innovation. Again, objectivism and social constructionism are the two very important aspects which help in the analysis of organizational change. So, it can be mentioned that the changes in organization can be driven for better comprehension of the process with respect to elementary and rudimentary management studies. The theory of objectivism has no primary aim of an individual to attain happiness. As the topic is based on organizational change, therefore the better goals would be identified as the profit for the organization to attain the business practices(Goetsch Davis, 2014). On the other hand, constructionism deals with the practice of knowledge and communication. The change in the form of communication is actually important for developing a cohesive bond among the employees. Another important point to be considered here is the constant communicative development which would contribute to the success in the organization. Question 2 a) In this context of organisational change, the Australian supermarket Coles is used as an example for analysis by using the theories and concepts mentioned above. Globalisation has again made it easy to evaporate a portion of the population and eradicate a part of the supply chain of Coles. By implementing the theories which are effectively processed would lead to the logical apprehension of the operational activities of Coles, Australia. Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd is the Australian supermarket chain owned by the Wesfarmers. They operate throughout Australia including more than 100000 employees(Lozano, Ceulemans, Seatter, 2015). b) Change is the common factor that is present in every business irrespective of the age, size and industry. The first step of change includes unfreeze which prepares the organization to get accustomed to the change by breaking down the prevalent status quo before creating a new way of operational activities. It can be easily done by highlighting the decrease in sales figures, poor fiscal results, customer dissatisfaction surveys and more like that. These will make the staff realize that things must change in a way so that everyone can understand(Worley Mohrman, 2014). When the unfreezing step causes uncertainty, the appearance of change step let the people resolve the confusions and seek new methods of doing things. People start developing a belief that and lead their action towards the new direction. The transformation from unfreeze to change does not occur easily but people take time to adapt to something new to participate actively. There is a similar model known as change curve which highlights the challenges faced in personal transitions which is useful for effective understanding. To experience the change and making it successful, it is necessary to understand the benefit of it. It is not mandatory for every person to understand the fact that change is necessary for the organization and that is beneficial. It is on one hand a common presumption as well as a drawback that must be avoided on highest priority(Ashkenas, 2013). In the process of the change taking place, the employees have been encouraged by the new technique of working and the organization becomes ready to refreeze. The external signs of the refreeze are a stable organization chart, consistency in job descriptions and many more like that. This stage also needs to help people in the organization to abide by the changes. This refers to the assurance of changes all the time and their implementation into everyday life. With the upcoming stability, the people in the organization feel confident and comfortable with the innovation in the working. The agents or managers of the company should involve the employees by motivating them with proper tools and techniques to implement the necessary changes. It is a challenge for the organisation when the employees cannot adapt to the changes because of their out of expertise. This can result in loss of job for the employees as they could not adjust to the change. c) The process of unfreezing is intended to prepare an organization to incorporate the changes. So, this process of change can be implemented in the Coles supermarket. It can be attained by highlighting the changes and its driving forces and the danger of not accepting the changes gladly. It includes challenging the beliefs and value system within the company and integrates an analogue of development and success if the required change is put into practice. In Coles, the main forces of change involves limiting the future of the company with respect to its hold on the capital, the continuity in sales volume, reduced turnover, losing to the customers in numbers which proves to be a challenge in the process of attracting major customers. For bringing success in Coles it is essential for the management to embrace and retain the changes according to the industry requirement. It is important for any organization to keep in flow with continuous changes. Embracing outdated technology can prove to be a competitive disadvantage for the company(Rock, 2014). Question 3 Strength Weakness Reduction in cost Attention on employee integration Change in the organisation for improving operational quality Occupy a major share in the food and liquor market Attractive pricing strategies Sudden cut from the jobs will discourage the employees and create a gap among the management and the employees They operate on lower margins as compared to their competitors Security can be threatened with respect to job retention by creating tension among the employees which has resulted an increase in the rate of turnover of employees (Cawsey, 2016) Opportunity Threat To produce profit at a multiple point Hold better control of the supply chain The change in an organisation in the human resource department has caused in a wider room for the organization to make up a new team which will be liable for utilising the power of the existing workforce(Gollenia, 2016) The company will face a threat which must be addressed in the recent future. The new recruitment must be entrusted with the operations of the organization. So, it can be mentioned that the cost behind the maintenance of human resource department is the recent threat faced by the supermarket Coles. The Australian food and liquor market is in constant evolution. From the given situational analysis by means of SWOT, it can be concluded that in majority cases, the company deals with the change occurring in the human resource department which has been efficient enough in focusing on the change in the prime operational activities. When the theories and principles are considered, it can be said that where the organization stands, at the present moment, is the junction of the change in workforce. The principles of objectivism have been taken into account when the problems and issues were concerned. b)Organisational change should always be implemented keeping in mind the internal analysis of the company. SWOT analysis is beneficial for understanding the requirements of the organisation, for instance, Coles and brings about the changes accordingly. It is helpful to understand the operational activities of the business in minute details. Whatever is mentioned in the assignment till now has been noted for primary understanding of different perspectives. In almost all the cases, the organization, such as Coles has been taken into account related to the proper understanding of the fact related to the better analysis of the case. If the primary understanding of objectivism can be focused, the effective culture related to it can be taken into consideration for basic comprehension of the process. The change in the organizational process of Coles has covered the factors related to the departure of the managers of the organization which has resulted in the change in the brand strategy(K. Vora, 2013). The brand strategy which was a topic of discussion is regarded as the main effective change in the operational process. But, there is certain effective consideration in the matter that cannot be ignored as it is related to the scope of finding out how efficiently that would enlighten the primary structure of the case that has been important for the actual purpose. For bringing change, the company must focus on the raising of moral construction and objectives of the employees. As a result of that, all these will need to be considered for properly knowing the case in detail(Carter, 2017). It can be observed that the company Coles, in the recent years Coles has cut out the jobs of many people which have lead to a terrific amount of employee redundancy in the country. The result of this decrease in workforce discouraged the employees which further led to a significant growth in the rate of employee turnover. Coles needs to incorporate some changes which would be a matter of concern for a majority of employees for decreasing the rate of employee turnover. From that time, it has been accounted like the whole case that it is important to get a grasp of the case for effective understanding of the issue(Ingram, 2014). Therefore, the decision that was taken by Coles to retain and maintain its staff has not been authorized as there was a question of authenticity. The change model of Lewin can be categorized by efficient understanding which bore a large impact on the consideration of the business case of Coles. It does not take into account the size or age of a business. Thus, it can be centered on the dynamic operational courses within the periphery of the organization. As Lewin said, the management in an organization can be related through the stages of unfreezing, change and refreezing. Question 4 To bring about changes in an organization, it is of utmost importance to engage the officials who will bring in the change. They are known as the change agents who help to observe the given situation and examine it accordingly. After carefully scrutinizing the situation, they decide to implement the required changes beneficial for the organization. The change agent has to play seven primary roles. These roles are- investigate, manage, advocate, encourage, facilitate, advise and meditate(Sonenshein, 2016). The given topic has discussed that in every case change has to incorporate by implementing certain activities in the organization itself. The agents, who are entrusted with the task of investigating, look for the hint and clues that have a big impact on the making of scope for bringing about change in the organization. In the given scenario of Coles in Australia, the change agent is analytical. Moreover, the advocating change agent supports the organization to bring in the changes f or the betterment. One important factor is effective decision making about matters related to the firm. Encouragement is also considered as an important change that requires to be categorized through the working condition of the workers. As a result, this has to be accounted that the primary factors for the overall understanding of the fact related to the powerful consideration of its effect on the total case. Facilitation is change management equipment that can be used from different perspectives(Goffin Barnett, 2015). The mediator plays the key role of incorporating change in the organization. A change that is implemented for attaining the targeted goal and managing the workforce for getting in flow with the incorporated change and put it into practice at their own level of competence. It is said that change is a continuous process which must be initiated for the benefit of the organization. The planned and discussed change is brought in by the help of a change agent. He is the person who is responsible organizational effectiveness by bringing in the change. A planned change can be brought about among the people, in the structure or in technology(Bartunek, 2014). Any hindrance in the path of change can be resolved by the change agent who encourages and motivates the employees to embrace the necessary change. Internal management gets hold of the external managers to initiate planned change. Change agents can also be categorized into external and internal change agents. The external change agents are referred to as the people who are specialized and expert in human behavior. They play the role of consultants for the company, as in Coles in this case, to derive the change strategy. The internal change agents are those who are continuously involved in the process of or ganizational change. They are an internal factor of the organization and they are depended on whenever change is required. They are selected from various levels and departments(Ledwell Oyler, 2016). They are the managers who get training from the consultants to incorporate change as the continuous process. The change agents initiate change in the wide framework of the change strategy that is designed by the external change agents. They are also responsible for leading the members of the organization to practice the change process. Internal change agents are also the advisors who are recruited from specific departments for certain time period. They go back to their original department when the change process is completed. They are responsible for convincing the members of the organization to accept the changes and implement it in practice(Berlin, Berglund, Lindskog, 2017). The message that they receive from the consultants, gets conveyed to the managers to promote behavioral skills in order to make the change process easy. The change advisors should bear diagnostic and behavioral skills in order to make the change in the organization successful. They should have the proper attitude of acceptance and the personal qualities of providing emotional support and reassurance. They take the or ganization as their own system and do not get affected by the rules and regulations. This is because they do not observe change as a continuous process as they are temporary part of the organization(Peachey, 2015). Question 5 There are some approaches which are advantageous for managing the changes in an organization. The specific approaches are different from each other and help to bring about change in the management of the company. The two kinds can be person- centric approach and dialogic approach. The theory of constructionism is usually built around the rationalization of the experience of making a social world. This model is made real through speech that is verbal communication or language. To bring organizational change there is a necessity to fight the gaps that is currently prevalent in the company (Viljoen, Villiers Laubscher, 2013). The change management models created by Lewin would take in these concepts of development of verbal communication which has to be developed by understanding the process. In fact there is this chance of inclusion of the basic need of change so that work can be done according to the frame which has been laid down by the workforce. It has to be therefore taken into consideration relating to the effective understanding of the fact that it is one of the most vital aspects on how organizations would develop and bring changes with effective implementation with the theoretical understanding of the process needing to be understood as well as how to implement it (Dunphy, Griffiths Benn, 2014). Social constructionism usually deals with the perception of an individual which is based on assumption (Weinberg, 2015). In a company this theory is usually drafted in so that the people within the organization can reciprocate. It is also necessary as in many organization the workforce is diverse and thus they need to ensure that the individuals working there must respond to the actions or to the reactions of one another for social cohesion and therefore constructive attitude is quite important to them. The term first found its hold with the Social Construction of Reality which was published in 1966. After almost forty years since the book and after a number of theories and research it was found that people make their social and cultural worlds at the same time that they make them. It is a type of a viewpoint which takes out social processes (Elder-Vass, 2013). These are serious and playful at the same time and therefore reality is concealed, created, revealed and destroyed by the activities of people. According to Ian Hacking, claims relating to social construction are not very clear always as to what is not inevitable or as to what should be done way with to bring about the change. Hackings distinction is purely based on metaphysics with a gap between things which are out there in the world and the ideas which reside in the minds of the people. To discuss it further one has to see the applications. First there is obviously the personal construct psychology (Kruglanski Higgins, 2013). It first appeared in the 1950s and has since then grown as a constructivist theory relating to the personality and a system of changing individual processes which bring out meaning in largely remedial processes. It was actually based on individuals who create and test theories about their own worlds. Therefore, it brought out one of the primitive attempts to laud the constructive nature of experience and meaning individuals give to their personal experiences. On the other hand social constructionism grew as a form of a critique which was aimed at changing the effects of oppressing social meaning processes. Over a period of time it has developed into a cluster of different approaches. There is this usual way of taking the relationship between PCP and SC as two different entities which are similar but are also very separate in other ways. After personal construct constructivism there is Educational psychology where social constructivism has been researched and studied by many psychologists, the ones who are concerned with the implications of its teaching and learning. Furthermore there is also the systematic therapy which is a form of psychotherapy which wants to address individuals as people in relationships, dealing with how groups interact and the way they interact that is the dynamics and patterns(Trevena, 2015). Then there is the teleology of social construction, where the concepts of strong and weak are put in to opposing philosophical positions. It is the goal oriented, meaningful or final end of an interpretation of reality. One such example of strong can be seen in the Construction of Social Reality where John R. Searle does not mention the strong or weak clearly but keeps a Chinese room argument where he talks about the feasibility of making a computing machine with a brilliant understanding of reality. Strong artificial intelligence is the best bet that someday computer programmers will be able to make a machine which will have a mind of its own which will eventually be more powerful than the mind of a human (Barros, 2012). Then there is David Deutschs book of the Fabric of Reality which too uses a computer which is made up of a society of people (transhuman persons). These are the ones who have debate so that they can have more information. Here the AI is weak as because it is not able to take decisions. Therefore it can be said that strong AI is strong social constructionism and weak AI is the weaker form of social constructivism (Nilsson, 2014). For weak teleology one sees the underlying brute fact which is reality. Examples of these include money, citizenship, tenure, the presidency of the United States. However, it has not been all great going. It has been criticized by eminent psychologists including the likes of Steven Pinker in his book the Blank Slate. Leda Cosmides and Jo hn Tooby used standard social science model term to address to social-science philosophies which they argue that it fails to take into account the evolved properties of the brain (Dodd Epstein, 2012). Reference Ashkenas, R. (2013). Change management needs to change. Harvard Business Review. Bartunek, J. M. (2014). Organizational and educational change. Psychology Press. Berlin, C., Berglund, J., Lindskog, E. (2017). Change Agent Infrastructure. Springer International Publishing. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Carter, A. e. (2017). Spatial management tools for coastal seagrasses in Queensland, Australia. Australasian Coasts Ports. Working with Nature. Cawsey, T. e. (2016). Organizational change. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goffin, S. G., Barnett, W. S. (2015). Assessing QRIS as a change agent. Gollenia, L. A. (2016). Business transformation management methodology. Routledge. Hayes, J. ((2014)). The theory and practice of change management. Hayes, J. (2014). The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Ingram, E. L. (2014). From faculty to change agent. Lessons learned in the development and implementation of a change workshop. Vora, M. (2013). Business excellence through sustainable change management. The TQM Journal, 625-640. Ledwell, K., Oyler, C. (2016). Unstandardized responses to a standardized test. Journal of Teacher Education, 120-134. Lozano, R., Ceulemans, K., Seatter, C. S. (2015). Teaching organisational change management for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 205-215. Peachey, J. W. (2015). The influence of a sport-for-peace event on prejudice and change agent self-efficacy. Journal of Sport Management, 229-244. Rock, D. (2014). Quiet leadership. HarperCollins e-books. 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Mountain Dew case analysis free essay sample

PepsiCo, Inc. is among the most successful consumer products companies in the world, with 1999 revenues of over $20 billion and 116,000 employees. â€Å"Do the Dew!† This was a long time tag line for the Mountain Dew brand. In 1995 marketing managers for Mountain Dew realized the tag line had lost consumer interests, understanding this they changed the direction of the creative. Some of PepsiCos brand names are 100 years old, but the corporation is relatively young. PepsiCos success is the result of superior products, high standards of performance, distinctive competitive strategies and the high integrity of their people. PepsiCo decided that in 2000 Mountain Dew would be featured during the Super Bowl rather than Pepsi. PepsiCo management had learned that selecting the right creative was one of the most critical decisions they made in terms of impact on sales and profits. Mountain Dew had carried PepsiCo’s soft drink revenues during the 1990s as cola brands struggled. We will write a custom essay sample on Mountain Dew case analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The problem that the company appears to be facing is how to keep their current campaign â€Å"Do the Dew† working to build on their brand image. Also Mountain Dew had to stay competitive with other caffeinated and sugary energy drinks and non-carbonated drinks. OBJECTIVES: To sustain the â€Å"Do the Dew† campaign To cater to the threat of non-carbonated soft drinks competitors. SWOT ANALYSIS: STRENGTH: PepsiCo’s became the largest carbonated drink at retail PepsiCo’s top marketing executives routinely relied upon to help guide branding decisions. WEAKNESSES: Mountain Dew was becoming less of a niche brand OPPORTUNITIES: Mountain Dew’s national media plan focused on a younger audience. THREATS: Many competitors Lack knowledge on the ads presented ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION ACA 1: Additional one month to time frame of viewing the ad in commercials Advantages: Consumers will better comprehend More exposure Disadvantages: Might be boring More competitors ACA 2: Choosing Cheetah, Dew or Die and Showstopper concepts Advantages: More interest is given to rival’s consumers Disadvantages: Might be boring Recommendation: ACA 1, which is having an additional one month to time frame of viewing the ad in commercials, is highly recommended for it give the viewer a better comprehension of the ad and of what the ad is telling. Also, the consumers  will surely remember the ad when it is presented all time in commercials. ACTION PLAN: TIME FRAME ACTIVITY PERSON RESPONSIBLE Month of February Sponsorship of fun-run where contestants wears t-shirt with the â€Å"Do the Dew† statement Scott Moffitt (Marketing Director, Mountain Dew) Month of July Organize a huge party where free mountain dew products are provided exclusively to the following people who attends Scott Moffitt (Marketing Director, Mountain Dew)